Differential Quantitative Proteomics of Platelets and Extracellular Vesicles in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insufficient regulation of glucose levels in the bloodstream. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally and is associated with various complications, including an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Platelet dysfunction is a key factor in the development of these complications. Platelets release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which play a role in inflammation, thrombosis, and the transmission of biological information. In diabetes, platelet-EVs can promote endothelial dysfunction and contribute to the progression of diabetic complications. By extracting platelet proteins and studying their proteome, as well as the proteome of plasma-derived EVs, valuable insights can be gained into the molecular mechanisms that underlie platelet hyperactivity, thrombus formation, and complications related to diabetes.